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These functions take an angle and return a ratio, or take a ratio and return an angle. Each accepts a number or a table, returning the same shape.

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Angle units

A bare number is interpreted as degrees. Attach an angle unit to be explicit:
  • value — degrees (the default)
  • value deg — degrees
  • value rad — radians
The inverse functions return their result in degrees by default; append rad to the call to get radians instead — for example, asin(value rad).

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Sine, cosine, and tangent [sin, cos, tan]

The sine, cosine, and tangent of an angle. Angles use the shared angle units — degrees unless you append rad.

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Secant, cosecant, and cotangent [sec, csc, cot]

The secant, cosecant, and cotangent of an angle — the reciprocals of cosine, sine, and tangent. Angles use the shared angle units — degrees unless you append rad.

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Inverse functions [asin, acos, atan]

The arc-sine, arc-cosine, and arc-tangent. asin and acos take a dimensionless ratio between -1 and 1; atan takes any dimensionless ratio. All three return an angle in degrees by default. Angles use the shared angle units — degrees unless you append rad.

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Hyperbolic functions [sinh, cosh, tanh, asinh, acosh, atanh]

The hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent, and their inverses.
Because angle units are unambiguous, sin(45 deg) and sin((pi/4) rad) refer to the same angle. See Units.